全國醫學博士英語統考的書面表達部分雖在摘要寫作、漢譯英、命題作文三種形式中每年任選其一，但命題作文因其對思想深度與邏輯思辨能力的綜合考察，始終是考生最需重點準備的題型。

主題三：延長生命技術

Topic: Life Extension Technologies

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 50 minutes to write an essay on “Life-Extending Technologies: Medical Progress and Social Challenges”. You should write at least 250 words.

【寫作思路】

類型：利弊分析型

開頭段：從技術現實切入，提出核心爭議：延長人類壽命可能帶來嚴重社會問題。

主體段1：闡述其作為“醫學勝利”的積極面：

1. 根除疾病；

2. 是全人類的成就。

主體段2：分析其作為“社會危機”的潛在風險：

1. 老年人口比例驟增；

2. 資源缺乏，公平性難以保證。

結尾段：總結雙方觀點，并提出審慎樂觀的平衡性結論。

【參考范文】

Life Extension Technologies: A Double-Edged Sword

The idea of significantly extending human life, once only found in science fiction, is now becoming a real possibility thanks to advances in biotechnology. While many celebrate this as the ultimate goal of medicine, others fear it could lead to serious problems for society. This essay will explore both sides of the debate.

On one hand, life extension represents a great medical triumph. Its main goal is not just to add years to life, but to add healthy, disease-free years. It aims to cure age-related illnesses like Alzheimer's and heart disease, which cause immense suffering. From this view, medicine has a duty to use any safe tool to reduce human pain and save lives. Success here would be one of humanity's greatest achievements.

On the other hand, the widespread use of such technology could create a socioeconomic crisis. If people live much longer, the proportion of elderly retirees compared to young workers would grow drastically. This could collapse pension and healthcare systems. Furthermore, if only the wealthy can afford these treatments, it could create a new kind of inequality—a “longevity gap”—where the rich live decades longer than the poor. This would be deeply unfair and destabilizing for society.

In conclusion, life extension technology is a powerful but dangerous tool. It offers hope for ending much suffering, yet risks creating new social divisions. The challenge for the future is not to stop progress, but to manage it wisely. We must ensure these technologies are developed safely, distributed fairly, and accompanied by smart policies that prepare our society for the changes they will bring.

【全文翻譯】

延長生命技術：一把雙刃劍

借助生物技術的進步，顯著延長人類壽命這一曾經只存在于科幻小說中的想法，如今正成為現實。雖然許多人將其贊頌為醫學的終極目標，但也有人擔心這可能給社會帶來嚴重問題。本文將探討這一爭論的兩個方面。

一方面，延長壽命代表著一次偉大的醫學勝利。其主要目標不僅僅是延長壽命，而是增加健康、無疾病的年份。它旨在治愈阿爾茨海默病和心臟病等與年齡相關的、造成巨大痛苦的疾病。從這個角度看，醫學有責任使用任何安全的工具來減輕人類痛苦、拯救生命。這方面的成功將是人類最偉大的成就之一。

另一方面，這類技術的廣泛使用可能引發社會經濟危機。如果人們壽命大幅延長，老年退休人口與年輕勞動人口的比例將急劇增長。這可能導致養老金和醫療保健體系崩潰。此外，如果只有富人負擔得起這些治療，可能會催生一種新的不平等——“長壽鴻溝”，即富人比窮人多活幾十年。這對社會將是極其不公平且具有破壞穩定性的。

總之，延長生命技術是一把強大但危險的雙刃劍。它為終結諸多痛苦帶來希望，卻也帶來制造新的社會分化的風險。未來的挑戰不在于阻止進步，而在于明智地管理它。我們必須確保這些技術被安全地開發、公平地分配，并輔以明智的政策，讓我們的社會為它們將帶來的變化做好準備。